The “Adam” referenced in the title is one Adam Smith, the Scottish economist. Songwriter Greg Graffin said the following with regard to the song: “[…] At first glance, it might appear as though it’s talking about Adam (that everyone thinks about) in the bible. […]But in fact, it’s far more erudite and nerdy than that. I’m talking about Adam Smith, the famous economist who influenced Charles Darwin. And it’s basically suggesting that the seeds of Adam Smith’s ideas are still with us today.
And in fact it still can be a double meaning, because I also would like to imply that if Adam was ever a real person, then indeed his atoms are still with us today as well, which is highly offensive to most people.”